A Guide to Cooking with Cannabis

The Science of Cannabis Cooking

Understanding the science behind cannabis cooking is essential for achieving the desired effects and flavors in your infused dishes. Here are some key scientific principles to keep in mind:

1. Activation of cannabinoids: Cannabis contains various cannabinoids, including tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), which have different effects on the body. To activate these cannabinoids and unlock their potential, heat is required. This process is known as decarboxylation.

2. Solubility in fats: THC and other cannabinoids are fat-soluble, meaning they bind well with fats and oils. When cooking with cannabis, it is important to use ingredients high in fat, such as butter or oil, to extract and absorb the cannabinoids effectively.

3. Temperature control: Temperature plays a crucial role in cannabis cooking. Too high of a temperature can degrade cannabinoids, resulting in a less potent final product. It is essential to maintain a controlled temperature during the infusion process to preserve the potency of the cannabinoids.

4. Bioavailability: The bioavailability of cannabinoids refers to the extent to which they are absorbed and utilized by the body. Incorporating healthy fats, such as those found in avocado or coconut oil, can enhance the bioavailability of cannabinoids, ensuring maximum absorption and efficacy.

The Basics of Decarboxylation

Decarboxylation is a fundamental step in cannabis cooking that activates the cannabinoids in the plant material. Here’s a basic guide to decarboxylation:

1. Preparing the cannabis: Start by grinding the cannabis buds or flower. Ensure the material is evenly ground to promote consistent decarboxylation. Avoid grinding the cannabis too finely, as it can make it challenging to strain later on.

2. Evenly spreading the cannabis: Spread the ground cannabis evenly on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. This allows for even heat distribution during the decarboxylation process.

3. Temperature and time: Preheat your oven to around 240°F (115°C). Place the baking sheet with the cannabis in the oven and bake for approximately 45-60 minutes. This time may vary depending on the specific strain and moisture content of the cannabis. Keep a close eye on the material to prevent it from burning.

4. Monitoring the decarboxylation process: During baking, you may notice small bubbles forming on the surface of the cannabis. This is an indication that the decarboxylation process is taking place. The color of the cannabis may also change slightly, becoming slightly darker or more golden in hue.

5. Cooling and storing: Once the decarboxylation process is complete, remove the baking sheet from the oven and allow the cannabis to cool completely. Store the decarboxylated cannabis in an airtight container in a cool, dark place until you’re ready to use it in your recipes.

Choosing the Right Strain for Your Dish

When it comes to cooking with cannabis, choosing the right strain is crucial for achieving the desired effects and flavors in your dishes. Here are some factors to consider:

1. THC and CBD content: Different strains have varying levels of THC and CBD. THC is the psychoactive compound responsible for the “high” associated with cannabis, while CBD is known for its potential therapeutic benefits without the intoxicating effects. Consider the THC-to-CBD ratio based on the desired experience you want to create.

2. Flavor profile: Each cannabis strain has its unique flavor profile, ranging from earthy and piney to fruity and citrusy. Consider how the flavors of the strain will complement the other ingredients in your recipe. Experimenting with different strains can help you discover new and exciting flavor combinations.

3. Indica, Sativa, or hybrid: Cannabis strains are typically categorized as indica, sativa, or hybrid. Indica strains are known for their relaxing and sedating effects, while sativa strains are associated with uplifting and energizing effects. Hybrids combine characteristics of both. Choose a strain that aligns with the intended mood and experience you want to create with your infused dish.

4. Terpene profile: Terpenes are aromatic compounds found in cannabis that contribute to its distinct flavors and potential therapeutic effects. Consider the terpene profile of a strain, as different terpenes can enhance specific flavors or provide unique benefits. For example, the terpene limonene gives a citrusy aroma, while myrcene is associated with sedative properties.

Understanding Cannabis Measurements and Dosage

Accurately measuring and dosing cannabis is essential to ensure the desired potency and avoid any unpleasant experiences. Here’s what you need to know about cannabis measurements and dosage:

1. Milligrams of THC or CBD: Cannabis products are often labeled with the milligrams (mg) of THC or CBD they contain. This indicates the amount of these cannabinoids present in the product. Understanding the potency of your cannabis-infused ingredients will help you calculate the dosage for your recipes.

2. Calculating the dosage: To calculate the dosage for your cannabis-infused dishes, you’ll need to consider the total amount of cannabis used and the percentage of THC or CBD in the strain. For example, if you use 1 gram of cannabis with 20% THC, you’ll have 200 milligrams of THC in total. Divide this amount by the number of servings to determine the dosage per serving.

3. Start low and go slow: When cooking with cannabis, it’s essential to start with a low dosage, especially if you’re new to edibles or have a low tolerance. The effects of ingested cannabis can take longer to kick in compared to smoking or vaping. Start with a small amount, wait at least an hour or two to gauge the effects, and adjust the dosage in future recipes as needed.

4. Consider individual tolerance: It’s important to recognize that everyone’s tolerance to cannabis varies. Factors such as body weight, metabolism, and previous cannabis experience can influence how an individual responds to a particular dosage. Be mindful of your own tolerance and adjust the dosage accordingly to achieve the desired effects without overconsumption.

Cannabis Infusion Methods: Butter, Oil, and More

Infusing cannabis into fats or oils is a popular method for incorporating its effects into various dishes. Here are some common infusion methods:

1. Cannabis-infused butter: Also known as cannabutter, this method involves simmering cannabis in butter on low heat for an extended period. The heat helps extract the cannabinoids from the plant material, infusing the butter with their effects. Cannabutter is versatile and can be used in a wide range of recipes, from savory dishes to baked goods.

2. Cannabis-infused oil: Similar to cannabutter, cannabis-infused oil involves infusing cannabis into a carrier oil such as olive oil, coconut oil, or vegetable oil. The oil can be used as a base for dressings, marinades, sautéing, or drizzling over finished dishes. Choose an oil that complements the flavors of your recipe for the best results.

3. Tinctures: Cannabis tinctures are made by extracting the cannabinoids using alcohol or glycerin as a solvent. These highly concentrated liquid extracts can be added to recipes in small amounts to provide the desired effects. Tinctures offer precise dosing options and are particularly useful for recipes that require accurate measurements.

4. Cannabis-infused milk or cream: This method involves steeping cannabis in milk or cream to infuse it with cannabinoids. The infused milk or cream can then be used in recipes such as hot beverages, custards, ice creams, and more. Note that heating the infused milk or cream may affect the potency of the cannabinoids, so it’s best to use lower temperatures.

Cooking Savory Dishes with Cannabis

Adding cannabis to savory dishes can create a unique and enjoyable culinary experience. Here are some tips for cooking savory dishes with cannabis:

1. Flavor compatibility: Consider the flavors of the cannabis strain you’re using and how they will complement the other ingredients in your savory dish. Earthy and herbal strains often work well in dishes like pasta sauces, soups, and roasted vegetables.

2. Proper dosing: Pay attention to the dosage of cannabis you’re adding to your savory dishes. Start with a lower dosage and gradually increase if desired. Remember to calculate the total dosage based on the amount of cannabis and its potency to ensure proper dosing for each serving.

3. Incorporate infused fats or oils: Infused fats or oils, such as cannabutter or cannabis-infused olive oil, can be used in place of regular fats in your recipes. They can be incorporated into dressings, sautés, marinades, or used for roasting vegetables to infuse the savory flavors with the effects of cannabis.

4. Timing and temperature: Avoid exposing the cannabis-infused ingredients to high heat for extended periods, as this can degrade the cannabinoids and impact potency. Add the infused ingredients towards the end of the cooking process, when the dish is almost done, to preserve the cannabinoids’ effects.